Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Jun 17. [Epub ahead of print]
Akowuah GA, Zhari I, Mariam A, Yam MF.
School of Pharmacy, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
A simple and validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with UV detection has been used to determine the content of andrographolide (AP) and 14-deoxy-11, 12-didehydroandrographolide (DIAP) in rat plasma after oral dose of methanol extract (1 g / kg body weight) of Andrographis paniculata leaf. An increase in plasma concentration of AP and DIAP was observed from 30 min to 3 h after oral administration of the extract. The maximum plasma concentrations of AP and DIAP were 1.42 +/- 0.09 mug/ml and 1.31 +/- 0.04 mug/ml, respectively. Fourteen days oral treatment of rats with the methanol extract (1 g / kg body weight) followed by CCl(4) administration preserved catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in erythrocytes, whereas plasma lipid peroxidation, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities were restored to values comparable with control values. Treatment of rats with CCl(4) did not showed significant alteration (p > 0.05) in plasma total antioxidant status (TAS) as compare to values of control group.
PMID: 19540299 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Absorption of andrographolides from Andrographis paniculata and its effect on CCl(4)-induced oxidative stress in rats
Screening of microfilaricidal effects of plant extracts against Dirofilaria immitis
1: Res Vet Sci. 2009 Jun 3. [Epub ahead of print] -
Screening of microfilaricidal effects of plant extracts against Dirofilaria immitis
Merawin LT, Arifah AK, Sani RA, Somchit MN, Zuraini A, Ganabadi S, Zakaria ZA.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 43400 Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Canine dirofilariasis is a common tropical parasitic disease of companion animals, caused by infestation of Dirofilaria immitis filarids within the pulmonary arteries and extending into the right heart. Increased reports of adverse reactions elicited by current microfilaricidal agents against D. immitis such as neurological disorders, circulatory collapse and potential resistance against these agents, warrant the search for new agents in forms of plant extracts. The use of plant extracts in therapeutic medicine is commonly met with scepticism by the veterinary community, thus the lack of focus on its medical potential. This study evaluated the presence of microfilaricidal activities of the aqueous extracts of Zingiber officinale, Andrographis paniculata and Tinospora crispa Miers on D. immitisin vitro at different concentrations; 10mg/ml, 1mg/ml, 100mug/ml, 10mug/ml and 1mug/ml within 24h, by evaluation of relative microfilarial motility as a measure of microfilaricidal activity. All extracts showed microfilaricidal activity with Z. officinale exhibiting the strongest activity overall, followed by A. paniculata and T. crispa Miers. It is speculated that the microfilaricidal mechanism exhibited by these extracts is via spastic paralysis based upon direct observation of the microfilarial motility.
PMID: 19500810 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Recherche in vitro d'une activité anti-VIH dans les préparations médicinales traditionnelles: Mémorandum d'une réunion de l'OMS
Bull World Health Organ. 1990; 68(1): 25–31.
PMCID: PMC2393009
No abstract in English. Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (1.1M), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References.
Place des plantes médicinales dans la thérapeutique
Norman R. Farnsworth, Olayiwola Akerele, Audrey S. Bingel, Djaja D. Soejarto, and Zhengang Guo
PMCID: PMC2490930
No abstract in English. Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (1.6M), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References.
In vitro screening of traditional medicines for anti-HIV activity: memorandum from a WHO meeting
Bull World Health Organ. 1989; 67(6): 613–618.
PMCID: PMC2491302
Many plant products are being used by patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in some countries without any scientific proof that they possess anti-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) activity. Traditional healers are now offering their remedies for scientific evaluation, and a few studies provide information on the inhibitory activity against HIV of plants such as Viola yedoensis, Arctium lappa, Epimedium grandiflorum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Castanospermum australe. Natural products can be selected for biological screening based on ethnomedical use, random collection or a chemotaxonomic approach (i.e., screening of species of the same botanical family for similar compounds), but the follow-up and selection of plants based on literature leads would seem to be the most cost-effective way of identifying plants with anti-HIV activity. No single in vitro screening methodology for anti-HIV activity is ideal and confirmatory assays in multiple systems are needed to examine completely the potential use of a compound. To promote further research in traditional medicine and AIDS, appropriate institutions will be identified where the different activities for the scientific evaluation of plants and their extracts for possible treatment of AIDS can be carried out.
Medicinal plants in therapy
Norman R. Farnsworth, Olayiwola Akerele, Audrey S. Bingel, Djaja D. Soejarto, and Zhengang Guo
PMCID: PMC2536466
One of the prerequisites for the success of primary health care is the availability and use of suitable drugs. Plants have always been a common source of medicaments, either in the form of traditional preparations or as pure active principles. It is thus reasonable for decision-makers to identify locally available plants or plant extracts that could usefully be added to the national list of drugs, or that could even replace some pharmaceutical preparations that need to be purchased and imported. This update article presents a list of plant-derived drugs, with the names of the plant sources, and their actions or uses in therapy.
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