Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Andrographis paniculata

Indian J Pharm Sci. 2009 Jul;71(4):436-8.

Mishra US, Mishra A, Kumari R, Murthy PN, Naik BS.

Royal College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Berhampur, Ganjam-760 002, India.

In the present study the ethanol extract of the aerial part of Andrographis paniculata was prepared and evaluated for antimicrobial activity against eleven bacterial strains by determining minimum inhibitory concentration and zone of inhibition. Minimum inhibitory concentration values were compared with control and zone of inhibition values were compared with standard ciprofloxacin in concentration 100 and 200 mug/ml. The results revealed that, the ethanol extract is potent in inhibiting bacterial growth of both Gram-negative and Gram positive bacteria.

PMID: 20502551 [PubMed - in process]

Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Andrographis paniculata

Indian J Pharm Sci. 2009 Jul–Aug; 71(4): 436–438.
doi: 10.4103/0250-474X.57294.
   
PMCID: PMC2865817

U. S. Mishra,* A. Mishra, R. Kumari, P. N. Murthy, and B. S. Naik

Abstract
In the present study the ethanol extract of the aerial part of Andrographis paniculata was prepared and evaluated for antimicrobial activity against eleven bacterial strains by determining minimum inhibitory concentration and zone of inhibition. Minimum inhibitory concentration values were compared with control and zone of inhibition values were compared with standard ciprofloxacin in concentration 100 and 200 µg/ml. The results revealed that, the ethanol extract is potent in inhibiting bacterial growth of both Gram-negative and Gram positive bacteria.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Andrographis paniculata

Renoprotective effects of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees in rats

Ups J Med Sci. 2009 September; 114(3): 136–139.
Published online 2009 September 7. doi: 10.1080/03009730903174321.
   
PMCID: PMC2852765

Pratibha Singh, Man Mohan Srivastava, and Lakhu Dev Khemani

Abstract

Background
Renal failure is an increasingly common condition with limited treatment options that is causing a major financial and emotional burden on the community. Andrographis paniculata is the plant used in Ayurveda for several remedies. Scientific evidence suggests its versatile biological functions that support its traditional use in the Orient. The plant is claimed to possess immunological, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and hepatoprotective properties. But, to date, there is no study demonstrating the protective effect of A. paniculata on gentamicin-induced renal failure. The present study aims to highlight the first ever reported, antirenal failure activity of A. paniculata.

Methods
Male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: normal control, gentamicin control, and aqueous extract of A. paniculata (200 mg/kg, per oral (p.o.))-treated. The nephrotoxic model was induced by gentamicin (80 mg/kg, intraperitoeal (i.p.)). Blood samples were examined for serum creatinine, serum urea, and blood urea nitrogen after the 10 days of treatment.

Results
A gentamicin-induced nephrotoxic animal model was successfully prepared. Aqueous extract of A. paniculata attenuated the gentamicin-induced increase in serum creatinine, serum urea, and blood urea nitrogen levels by 176.92%, 106.27%, and 202.90%, respectively.

Conclusion
The present study reports that the aqueous extract (whole plant) of A. paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees exhibits a significant renoprotective effect in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in male Wistar albino rats.

Keywords: Albino rats, andrographis, aqueous extract, ayurveda, blood urea nitrogen, nephrotoxic, renal failure, serum creatinine, serum urea, wistar rats

Evaluation of repellent properties of botanical extracts against Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (Diptera: Culicidae)

Parasitol Res. 2010 May 18. [Epub ahead of print]

Elango G, Rahuman AA, Zahir AA, Kamaraj C, Bagavan A, Rajakumar G,
Jayaseelan C, Santhoshkumar T, Marimuthu S.

Unit of Nanotechnology and Bioactive Natural Products, Post Graduate
and Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College,
Melvisharam, 632 509, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India.

In recent times, there were considerable efforts made to promote the
use of environmentally friendly and biodegradable natural insecticides
and repellents, particularly from botanical sources. The present study
explored the effects of crude leaf ethyl acetate, acetone, and
methanol extracts of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa ex Roxb, Andrographis
lineata Wallich ex Nees., Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wallich ex
Nees., Cocculus hirsutus (L.) Diels, Eclipta prostrata L., and Tagetes
erecta L. on repellent activity against Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles.
The maximum repellent activity was observed at 500 ppm in methanol
extracts of A. marmelos, ethyl acetate extracts of A. lineata, C.
hirsutus, and E. prostrata and the mean complete protection time
ranged from 120 to 150 min with the different extracts tested. The
ethyl acetate extract of A. lineata showed 100% repellency in 120 min;
acetone extracts of A. marmelos and C. hirsutus and methanol extract
of T. erecta showed complete protection in 90 min at 250 ppm,
respectively. These results suggest that the leaf extracts of A.
marmelos, A. lineata, and C. hirsutus have the potential to be used as
an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of the C.
tritaeniorhynchus. Therefore, this study provides first report on the
repellent activity against Japanese encephalitis, C. tritaeniorhynchus
of plant extracts from Southern India.

PMID: 20480375 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Isolation and identification of bioactive compounds in Andrographis paniculata (Chuanxinlian)

Chin Med. 2010 May 13;5(1):17. [Epub ahead of print]

Chao WW, Lin BF.

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees (Acanthaceae) is a
medicinal plant used in many countries. Its major constituents are
diterpenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols. Among the single compounds
extracted from A. paniculata, andrographolide is the major one in
terms of bioactive properties and abundance. Among the andrographolide
analogues, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide is
immunostimulatory, anti-infective and anti-atherosclerotic;
neoandrographolide is anti-inflammatory, anti-infective and
anti-hepatotoxic; 14-deoxyandrographolide is immunomodulatory and
anti-atherosclerotic. Among the less abundant compounds from A.
paniculata, andrograpanin is both anti-inflammatory and
anti-infective; 14-deoxy-14,15-dehydroandrographolide is
anti-inflammatory; isoandrographolide,
3,19-isopropylideneandrographolide and 14-acetylandrographolide are
tumor suppressive; arabinogalactan proteins are anti-hepatotoxic. The
four flavonoids from A. paniculata, namely 7-O-methylwogonin,
apigenin, onysilin and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid are
anti-atherosclerotic.

PMID: 20465823 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Effects of andrographolide on sexual functions, vascular reactivity and serum testosterone level in rodents

Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Apr 29. [Epub ahead of print]

Sattayasai J, Srisuwan S, Arkaravichien T, Aromdee C.

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University,
Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Abstract

In this study, effects of andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata
on sexual functions, vascular reactivity and serum testosterone level
in experimental animals were observed. The suspension of
andrographolide in 5% DMSO was administered orally at the dose of 50
mg/kg to male ICR mice. The female mice involved in mating were made
receptive by hormonal treatment. The mating behaviors, mounting
latency and mounting frequency, were determined and compared with the
standard reference drug sildenafil citrate. Administration of
andrographolide significantly increased the mounting latency at 120
and 180 min and mounting frequency at 180 min after treatment. In
endothelium-intact rat aortic strips, norepineprine-induced
contraction was reduced by preincubation with andrographolide.
Administration of 50 mg/kg andrographolide orally to male mice once
daily for 2, 4, 6 or 8 weeks had no significant effects on sperm
morphology and motility. Interestingly, at week 4, serum testosterone
level in mice treated with andrographolide was significantly increased
when compared to the control. Thus, the effects of andrographolide on
vascular response to norepinephrine and testosterone level observed in
this study might be contributed to the sexual enhancing properties
observed. Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

PMID: 20435079 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Neoandrographolide from Andrographis paniculata as a Potential Natural Chemosensitizer

Planta Med. 2010 May 5. [Epub ahead of print]

Pfisterer PH, Rollinger JM, Schyschka L, Rudy A, Vollmar AM, Stuppner H.

Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences
Innsbruck, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck,
Austria.

Abstract

Extracts of the traditional medicinal herb ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA and
its main constituents are described in the literature as showing
anticancer activity. The aim of this study was to isolate the main
constituents of a commercially available phytotherapeutic preparation
of A. PANICULATA and to determine their chemosensitizing potential in
a leukemia cell line. Chromatographic separation steps resulted in the
isolation of the diterpenes andrographolide ( 1) and
14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide ( 3) and the diterpene
glucoside neoandrographolide ( 2). The combination of these
constituents with suboptimal concentrations of etoposide revealed
compound 2 as chemosensitizer in S-Jurkat and X chromosome-linked
inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP)-overexpressing Jurkat cells, a
model for chemoresistance. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New
York.

PMID: 20446243 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]